30th June 1915 (Wednesday)

BORN TODAY: in five schools in north east Surrey and (what is now) south west London –  the Croydon War Hospital, under the command of Colonel Morris and  staffed by 80 nurses, “many of whom were members of the local Voluntary Aid Detachments.  (However, at one time, the entire nursing staff consisted of nurses from Australia.) “

http://ezitis.myzen.co.uk/croydonwar.html

War!

War at Sea: off the coast of Kent, the British destroyer HMS Lightning strikes a mine, which splits it in  half, sending its bow section and 15 of its crew to a watery grave.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Lightning_(1895)

Gallipoli: Australian soldiers, pinned to their positions for many weeks since the initial Gallipoli landing, are praying for rain. Herbert Reynolds records in his diary: “At about 9pm a thunder storm passed over but we got very little rain, a good fall of rain now would be welcome as we are depending on the water from the boats for our supply, the holes in the gullies are all dry and there is no water other than that in our vicinity except salt sea water.”

https://www.awm.gov.au/blog/2010/06/30/wednesday-30th-june-1915-diary-of-hv-reynolds/

Turkish Armenia: In the city of Tarsus in the south east of Turkey, a foreign resident confides in a diary: “Half the town want to ‘store’ things here, to be ours if they [ie – Armenian deportees] never return; rugs, coppers, etc.—but we may be blown up, who knows?”

Click to access 451-462.pdf

29th June 1915 (Tuesday)

BORN TODAY: Frank Slade, Australian rules footballer.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Slade

War!

In Africa: British forces take control of Ngaundere in German Kamerun (“the battle of Ngaundere”).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ngaundere

The British home Front:  The Western Times appeals to its readers to play their part in protecting infantrymen and artillery men  at the front:

SANDBAGS
Millions Wanted, but They Must be the Right Kind
DO TRENCH WORK AT HOME

“… The soldier’s life depends on the integrity of the sandbag sent to him, so do not betray him by sending him bags wrongly made…They must have 1in. turnings, and must be strongly made. The Mayoress’s Depot at Exeter is open to receive any amount of sandbags, and they should be sent in without delay”. 

http://www.exetermemories.co.uk/em/_events/1915-this-week.php

28th June 1915 (Monday)

BORN TODAY: Ted Besford, Australian rules footballer.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Besford

War!

One cataclysmic year has passed since the assassination in Sarajevo…

 

Gallipoli: “219 men and officers of the 4th Royal Scots were killed [today] in the attack on Gully Ravine, [including] … Captain John Robertson, commanding officer of the Bankers’ Company and manager of National Bank of Scotland’s Edinburgh Blenheim Place branch. His Second Lieutenant, Charles Paterson  of the Royal Bank’s head office, was also dead. Among the fallen men were Private Ernest Bailey  of Commercial Bank of Scotland’s Edinburgh Newington branch; Private Smollett Clerk of National Bank of Scotland’s Edinburgh Leith Walk branch; Private Robert Brockie  of the Royal Bank’s Edinburgh Leven Street branch; and Private Charles Johnston  of the Royal Bank’s Perth branch.” [“The Bankers’ Company at Gallipoli“, from the RBS Remembers website].

http://www.rbsremembers.com/our-people/on-active-service/bankers-company-gallipoli.html

27th June 1915 (Sunday)

BORN TODAY: in Japan – Hideo Shimada, graduate of Tohoku Imperial University; Vice-president of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, auditor and Vice President of the Japanese football association; and later President of the JFA from 1992 to 1994; Chairman of the board of the Japan Sports Association;  and member of the board of the Japanese Olympic Committee.

http://archive.footballjapan.co.uk/user/scripts/user/person_en.php?person_id=15

26th June 1915 (Saturday)

BORN TODAY: in Shreveport, Louisiana – Willard Jessie “Home Run” Brown, Major League Baseball player.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willard_Brown

War!

The Russian Home Front: The Minister of War is forced to resign because of the scandal surrounding the under supply of the Russian army. He is promptly arrested, suspected of “being involved in the gross corruption that afflicts the entire Russian armaments production and supply system”. [Burg & Purcell].

25th June, 1915 (Friday)

BORN TODAY: in Portsmouth, England – Alice Jessie Fawsitt: teenager with dreams of flying; private pilot frustrated by wartime restrictions; WW2 Civil Air Guard; secretary and later Senior Public Relations Officer for the British Overseas Airways Corporation.

Click to access DDo6lBBdNj4YcdmkxcWMS8m5edfaeaNV.pdf

24th June 1915 (Thursday)

BORN TODAY:  in Bingley, West Yorkshire – Sir Fred Hoyle, stellar nucleosynthesist.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Hoyle

http://rsbm.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/roybiogmem/49/213

War! 

Western Front: After being missing from his regiment for nearly nine months Corporal Frederick Ives (12295) of the 3rd Battalion Worcestershire Regiment, is arrested today, wearing civilian clothes, by an officer of the Army Veterinary Corps.  Corporal Ives will be court-martialled on 7th July and executed by firing squad with four other deserters on 26th July.

http://www.worcestershireregiment.com/wr.php?main=inc/shot_at_dawn

23rd June 1915 (Wednesday)

BORN TODAY: in Mayfair, London – Robin “Monty” Montgomerie-Charrington, formula 1 racing driver.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Montgomerie-Charrington

War!

The Isonzo Front: The Italian Third Army launches a mjor offensive against Austro-Hungarian forces along a 21 mile front stretching inland from the Adriatic. [Burg & Purcell].

East Africa: After British forces successfully destroy the German wireless station and arsenal at Bukoba, in German East Africa, “Brigadier General James Stewart grants his troops permission to loot Bukoba. The men, joined by their officers, go on a shameless, drunken orgy of vandalism, rape and pillage” [Burg & Purcell]…

…British papers reported the events differently…

As it was not intended to hold Bukoba, the force re-embarked on June 23rd, leaving the town “a sorry sight, and being plundered and looted by the local inhabitants who swarmed in to complete the enemy’s discomfiture”.

http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=160859

Spy!  at 6.00AM in the “miniature rifle range” at the Tower of London, German spy Carl Muller is executed by a firing squad of 8 riflemen.

http://www.stephen-stratford.co.uk/carl_muller.htm

22nd June 1915 (Tuesday)

EXPLORATION: Members of Ernest Shackleton’s Antarctic expedition celebrate mid-winter with a dinner on board HMS Endurance.

http://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/midwinter-dinner-on-the-endurance-22nd-june-1915-during-the-news-photo/480802147

DIED TODAY: at  Bukovina (now split between Romania and Ukraine) – Ferenc Istvan Dénes Gyula Békássy, Cambridge graduate, Hungarian bi-lingual poet and Imperial Hussar. Killed in action, aged 22.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferenc_B%C3%A9k%C3%A1ssy

War!

Eastern Front: Austro-Hungarian forces recapture the city of Lemberg (Lwow/ Lviv) from the Russians.

http://www.ww1worcestershire.co.uk/key-dates/1915/06/austro-hungarian-forces-recapture-the-city-of-lemberg-lvov-from-the-russians/

Africa: On the shores of Lake Victoria in German East Africa, the British 25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers and others have launched an amphibious attack on Bukoba (“The Battle of Bukoba”) with the objective to destroy the German wireless station.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bukoba

21st June 1915 (Monday)

Midsummer on the home front…

On the English home front: at Maidstone barracks, in Kent, a concert raises funds for wounded servicemen.

http://www.kent.gov.uk/about-the-council/campaigns-and-events/kent-and-medway-in-the-first-world-war

On the Scottish home front: the SS Carisbrook, a British merchant steamer carrying wheat from Montreal, Canada, to Leith in Scotland, is captured and sunk by German submarine U-38 off the north east coast of Scotland.

http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?13412

On the Alsatian home front: the town of Metzeral in Alsace (formerly and more recently in France) is destroyed at the end of six days of intense fighting.

http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=228886